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What is the capital of Tunisia?

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What is the capital of Tunisia?

Espérance du nombre de mots connus (vocabulaire passif)

Voici un (long) paragraphe, issue de cet article qui devrait répondre à ta question :

At present the best conservative rule of thumb that we have is that up to a vocabulary size of around 20,000 word families, we should expect that native speakers will add roughly 1000 word families a year to their vocabulary size. That means that a five year old beginning school will have a vocabulary of around 4000 to 5000 word families. A university graduate will have a vocabulary of around 20,000 word families (Goulden, Nation and Read, 1990). These figures are very rough and there is likely to be very large variation between individuals. These figures exclude proper names, compound words, abbreviations, and foreign words. A word family is taken to include a base word, its inflected forms, and a small number of reasonably regular derived forms (Bauer and Nation, 1993).

En ce qui concerne la méthode, il y est dit que :

For over 100 years there have been published reports of systematic attempts to measure the vocabulary size of native speakers of English. Unfortunately the measurement of vocabulary size has been bedeviled by serious methodological problems largely centring around the questions of "What should be counted as a word?", "How can we draw a sample of words from a dictionary to make a vocabulary test?", and "How do we test to see if a word is known or not?". Failure to deal adequately with these questions has resulted in several studies of vocabulary size which give very misleading results. For a discussion of these issues see Nation (1993a), Lorge and Chall (1963), and Thorndike (1924).

En fait, il y a pas mal d’articles (principalement anglo-saxons) qui traitent de ce sujet, et que l’on regroupe sous le terme de vocabulary test. Tu as une synthèse de ce que c’est ici. Tous se basent sur à peu près la même méthode : tu as une dizaine de séries de 1000 mots (des plus fréquents au moins fréquents), choisis à partir d’un énorme échantillon de magazines, manuels, etc. Et ensuite ce sont des QCM : 4 définitions sur le même mot et tu dois choisir la bonne.

Récemment TestYourVocab a mené une enquête par questionnaire (+2 millions de répondants) en ligne dont les principaux résultats sont exposés ici et sont :

  • Most adult native test-takers range from 20,000–35,000 words
  • Average native test-takers of age 8 already know 10,000 words
  • Average native test-takers of age 4 already know 5,000 words
  • Adult native test-takers learn almost 1 new word a day until middle age
  • Adult test-taker vocabulary growth basically stops at middle age
  • The most common vocabulary size for foreign test-takers is 4,500 words

Pour ce qui est de la langue française, il y a moins d’études. Il y a cet article, qui utilise le Vocabulary Size Test. Et aussi, celui-ci, notamment ce passage :

Deux études françaises, menées respectivement par les psychologues Stéphane Ehrlich et Agnès Florin, à l’Université de Poitiers, et Moïse Déro à Rennes auprès de plus de 2 500 élèves du ce1 (six à sept ans) au cm2 (neuf à dix ans), s’accordent sur le chiffre de 4 000 mots bien ou moyennement identifiés en ce1, et 9 000 en cm2.

 

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What is the capital of Tunisia?