Pour means in order to, with the purpose of. Use that as a test.
Note that the syntactic environment is also different between the two cases. The pour
version modifies a sentence; the à
version modifies a noun phrase.
I could conceivably say
je vais au parc à jouer au foot
but that would imply the sentence structure
je vais au (parc à jouer au foot)
that is to say, it would assume there is a specific kind of park with the purpose of playing football (in), known as a parc à jouer au foot (this is not actually the case), and you’re saying it’s one of those parks you’re going to.
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