You could say “Quel est l’équivalent en français de “. It means “What’s the French equivalent to “. This would be a good way to ask for a “translation” of a word.

The other answer is perfect if you need to write it, but it’s a little too “formal” for a regular conversation.

You could use : “Comment appelle-t-on ça (or cela, but that’s more formal) en Français”. Which translates to : “How do you call […] in French?”.

You can express that in different ways:

• Comment exprime-t-on ceci en français? : How do we express this in French?
• Comment appelle-t-on ceci en français?: How do we call this in French?
• Quel est l’équivalent français de ceci?: What’s the French equivalent of this?
• Quel est l’équivalent de ceci en français ?: What’s the equivalent of this in French?