Any dictionary shows this is a French word, so the English borrowed it to the French, not the other way around.

Being literary, clos[e] is more likely to be used in a poem than fermé.

Outside set expressions like espace clos, porte close, maison close, huis clos l’incident est clos, this adjective is rare in spoken French which prefers fermé[e] and sometimes clôturé.

Almost nobody would say je n’ai pas pu faire les course, le magasin était clos, or est-ce que la fenêtre est bien close ?

Similarily, the verb clore being quite irregular is also only used in limited tenses and persons (e.g. vous closez is very rare). The regular clôturer (which is derived from clore through clôture) being preferred along with fermer.

A quick search in google with “origine of the word closed” returned “Middle English: from Old French clos (as noun and adjective), from Latin clausum ‘enclosure’ and clausus ‘closed’, past participle of claudere .”

The french word seems to be the origine of the english one.

“Close” is the feminine form af the adjective “clos” which describes a closed space or place, or the fact that something is… well… closed. It’s often a synonym of “fermé” or “fermée”.
The verb associated is “clore”.

The poet has chosen to use the fairly uncommon word “close” for the sake of the rhyme with “rose”:

Soulève ta paupière close

Qu’effleure un songe virginal;

Je suis le spectre d’une rose

Que tu portais hier au bal.