We would say : “Fils connecteurs”. This is the most accurate translation.

I would precisely call what you have represented nappe de raccordement à connecteurs individuels, nappe de connexion femelle/femelle, or simply câble de connexion.

That’s a nappe or câble en nappe because the wires are joined together in a flat manner (ribbon cable).

I add à connecteurs individuels because the connectors on the ends are not inline but independents.

Femelle/femelle precises what kind of connector are at each end.

When not in a ribbon, these wires are also often called câbles de pontage ou cables d’expérimentation.

I would recommend against using fils but prefer câble here, especially as there are multiple wires joint together, which is the definition of a câble at least when talking about electronics or electrical components. The tlfi states: Ensemble de conducteurs distincts, mécaniquement solidaires

In order of which I would prefer using as a french:

1. Fils de raccordement
2. Fils de connexion
3. Fils de liaison

traduction site

“Nappe de raccordement à connecteurs individuels.” as said before is pretty great too as it’s more precise, but I doubt anyone would actually say it (unless one really needs to be more precise). It’s more of a written term.
I’ve searched for those on french websites and they really call them just “fils” or “fils de connexion” etc. nothing special. I’ve seen “câbles cavalier” and “câbles dupont” at some places too. (amazon.fr likes these two)