Well, ‘il’ directly refers to the person/object concerned, it includes the subject within it, while ‘ce’ needs the subject to be assigned right after. Ce chien est grand = il est grand ; Cette fille est jolie = elle est jolie ; Cette idée est bonne = elle est bonne (this idea is good = it is good)
Does that help you ? :/
- (a) Is he? That is the question.
Casual:
Est-ce qu’il l’est ? C’est la question.
Literary:
L’est-il ? Telle est la question.
Note that:
Elle est la question.is impossible.
- (b) Is he? It’s hard to tell.
Spoken French:
C’est dur à dire.
Difficile à dire.
Formal, written French:
Il n’est pas facile de le dire/ de le déterminer.
- (c) It’s hard to know what to think.
Casual, spoken French:
C’est difficile de savoir ce qu’il faut penser.
Formal, written French:
Il est difficile de savoir quoi penser.
I don’t have the reputation to comment, but there’s a spelling mistake in Jlliagre’s answer. It should be “L’est-il?” not “L’est-t-il?”
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