This inversion is compulsory in an interpolated clause indicating who expresses speech or thought in direct or indirect speech. This sort of clause is either placed between commas or at the end of the sentence after a comma.
Direct speech :
« Il va faire chaud aujourd’hui », dit Pierre.
« Il va faire chaud aujourd’hui », dit-il.
Indirect speech :
Il va faire chaud aujourd’hui, dit Pierre en prenant sa casquette.
-
[…] a-t-on appris de source judiciaire.
is equivalent to indirect speech, if we’ve learned it, it is because someone said it. We could have :
[…] nous a-t-on dit de source judiciaire.
Il s’agit ici d’une inversion obligatoire dans une proposition incise utilisée pour rapporter les propos de quelqu’un.
This is affirmative (.), rather than interrogative (?):
- a-t-on appris que ? (Did learn that/if?)
- (), a-t-on appris récemment. (…, so we learnt recently)
Such a figure of speech, when handled carefully, with the correct intonation, may express different shades. First, it may sound more literary, yet more or less neutral as in your example. But it can express surprise, amusement, especially when you are face-to-face which the person you have just learnt something about.
Tu apprends le français, m’a-t-on dit…
Generally, such a sentence indirectly asks for an answer, as if it was a question.
In addition to the incise already answered by Laure, there are other cases where inversion must or can be done in French:
-
Perhaps he doesn’t like chocolate:
- Peut-être n’aime-t-il pas le chocolat
Peut-être il n’aime pas le chocolat- Peut-être qu’il n’aime pas le chocolat
Sometimes, both orders are valid:
-
I don’t get what that question means :
- Je ne comprends pas ce que signifie cette question.
- Je ne comprends pas ce que cette question signifie.
-
He let the prisoner flee:
- Il a laissé s’échapper le prisonnier.
- Il a laissé le prisonnier s’échapper.
-
Taste the cake your mother prepared.
- Goûte le gateau qu’a fait ta mère.
- Goûte le gateau que ta mère a fait.
Leave a comment