I don’t know of any resource as complete as the Oxford 3000, but lists of words sorted by frequency have been compiled by lexicologists, such as:

• one published on Éduscol (direct PDF link), created by Étienne Brunet, has the most used 1500 words. It is commonly used by elementary or middle school teachers.
• Wiktionary has another one, with 1750 words all linked to the relevant Wiktionary page. Unfortunately, the link to the original source (“Liste de 1750 mots connus d’un enfant de 4 ans, d’après l’académie d’Amiens”) is dead.

For 1000 words, featuring prepositions and such, I found this one, based on work by the Lexique.org team: Lexique 1000¹.

For 2000 words, there seem to be very interesting flashcards to help learn them.

¹ Let’s name it that.